What is an Automated External Defibrillator?

In the world of life-saving devices, Automated External Defibrillators, also known as AEDs, play a critical role.

These simple yet sophisticated machines have the power to restart a person's heart when faced with a sudden cardiac arrest.

According to the National Institutes of Health, about 1,700 lives per year are saved by bystanders using an automated external defibrillator.

An Automated External Defibrillator, or AED for short, is a portable electronic device designed to treat sudden cardiac arrest.

What is Sudden Cardiac Arrest?

Although similar, sudden cardiac arrest is different than a heart attack.

Sudden cardiac arrest occurs when the heart suddenly stops beating.

During sudden cardiac arrest, the heart’s electrical system malfunctions, leading to abnormal heart rhythms.

This can cause the heart to flutter or beat erratically instead of pumping blood effectively to the body and brain.

If not treated immediately, sudden cardiac arrest can quickly lead to death. Immediate medical intervention is crucial to increasing the chances of survival.

An automated external defibrillator can be used to deliver an electric shock to the heart, with the goal of restoring a normal rhythm.

Immediate treatment is vital, as the longer the delay in restoring the heart’s rhythm, the lower the chances of survival and the higher the risk of permanent brain and organ damage.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, should also be administered to help maintain blood flow until medical first responders arrive.

How Does an Automated External Defibrillator Work?

Automated External Defibrillators analyze a person's heart rhythm through electrodes placed on their chest.

These electrodes send information to the machine, which evaluates whether an electric shock is needed.

If the AED detects a life-threatening abnormal rhythm, it will prompt the user to administer a shock.

This shock can potentially restart the heart's normal electrical activity, allowing it to return to pumping blood effectively.

Who Can Use an Automated External Defibrillator?

In emergencies, anyone with basic knowledge of how to use an automated external defibrillator can use it to help someone experiencing sudden cardiac arrest.

You don't need to be a medical professional. In fact, quick action from a bystander is often crucial in saving a life. These defibrillators are designed to be user-friendly, with clear and simple instructions.

Where Are Automated External Defibrillators Located?

Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are typically located in a variety of public places and settings where there is an increased risk of encountering people who may experience sudden cardiac arrest.

Common locations for these medical devices include:

• Airports, Airlines, and Cruise Ships: Onboard many commercial flights cruise ships, in terminals, and other public areas.
• Schools: In educational institutions from elementary schools to universities.
• Gyms and Fitness Centers: To support individuals during physical activities.

While these are common locations, the presence and accessibility of automated external defibrillators can vary.

It's important to be aware of their locations while you are out, and if possible, receive training on their use, especially if you spend time in places where they are available.

How Do I Use an Automated External Defibrillator?

Using a defibrillator may seem complicated, but it's designed to guide you through the process step by step.

Here's a general outline of how to use one from the American Red Cross:

1. Complete the CHECK and CALL steps:

• Check the person's responsiveness. If they are conscious, they may not need the defibrillator.
• Request a bystander call 9-1-1 for help.

2. Activate the AED:

• As soon as an AED becomes available, power it on and listen carefully to the voice prompts.

3. Prepare the chest and attach pads:

• Remove any clothing covering the chest. If the chest is sweaty, wipe it dry.
• Place one pad on the upper right side of the chest.
• Place the second pad on the lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit.
• If the pads are close to touching, position one in the middle of the chest and the other on the back, between the shoulder blades.

4. Connect the cable that connects the pads to the machine, if necessary.

5. Ready for rhythm analysis

• Ensure no bystanders are in contact with the person
• Clearly state, "CLEAR!" in a loud, confident voice.

6. Deliver a shock (if the defibrillator advises):

• Confirm that no one is touching the person
• Repeat, "CLEAR!" assertively.
• Activate the "shock" button to administer the shock.

7. Start chest compressions:

• Following the shock or if no shock is recommended, immediately initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, starting with chest compressions.

Should I Be Certified to Use an Automated External Defibrillator?

While certification isn't mandatory for using an automatic external defibrillator, taking a basic CPR and AED course can be helpful.

These courses provide hands-on training, boost your confidence, and ensure you know how to respond effectively in an emergency. Many organizations and hospitals offer these classes.

How Do I Know if Someone is Having Sudden Cardiac Arrest?

Recognizing the signs of sudden cardiac arrest is crucial because immediate action can greatly increase the chances of survival. Here are the key indicators that someone may be experiencing sudden cardiac arrest:

• Loss of responsiveness: The person may suddenly collapse, lose consciousness, and not respond when you try to wake them.
• Abnormal breathing: Check for normal breathing. If the person is not breathing, has shortness of breath, or is only gasping for air, this is a strong indicator of sudden cardiac arrest.

Do I Need an Automated External Defibrillator at Home?

Whether you need an automated external defibrillator at home depends on various factors, such as your family's medical history and your proximity to emergency medical services.

If someone in your household has a known heart condition, it might be a good idea to have a defibrillator on hand.

Consulting with your doctor is the best way to determine if it's necessary for your specific situation.

Automated external defibrillators are powerful tools designed to be used by anyone.

While certification isn't required, it can boost your confidence and reaction time in responding to emergencies.

In the face of an emergency, your quick action and the presence of a defibrillator could mean the difference between life and death.